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Digital System Design All Questions and Answers
- Define digital systems. Why digital system is superior to analog system?
- Narrate the following characteristics of IC digital logic families: i) Noise margin ii) Propagation delay
- Design a loc circuit that has three inputs A, B, C and whose output will be HIGH only when a majority of inputs are HIGH.
- Show a Full Adder can be converted to a Full Subtractor with the addition of one inverter circuit.
- What do you mean by micro operations? Write different categories of microoperations in digital system.
- What do you mean by overflow?
- Draw the memory unit that communicates with multiple registers.
- What is scratchpad memory? Draw the processor unit which employing scratchpad memory.
- Define a binary parallel adder.
- What do you mean by memory organization? Write the main physical differences between the following memory technologies: i) SRAM ii) DRAM
- Design a combinational circuit using a ROM. The circuit accepts a 3 bit number and generates an output binary number equal to the square of the input number.
- What is ALU? Explain the operation of a 4 bit arithmetic circuit.
- Draw the block diagram of a processor unit and explain its working principle.
- Design a BCD to excess 3 code converter.
- What do you mean by carry propagation delay? How it can be reduced?
- Define Multiplexer. Implement a full adder with Multiplexers.
- What is an accumulator register? Draw the processor unit which employing an accumulator register.
- Write the operation of ALU with status register.
- Draw the flowchart and equipment configuration of a hardware controlled adder/subtraction circuit.
- With block diagram briefly explain the design of a digital computer.
- What is DTL? Describe the basic operation of DTL NAND gate with necessary circuit diagram.
- Draw the flowchart for counting the number of 1’s in register R1.
- What are the difference and similarities you have found between “Digital Logic Design” and “Digital System Design”?
- Differentiate between Register and Counter? Briefly describe the types of data those can be stored in a register.
- Can every counter be a register? Describe the fact with an example.
- Describe the hardware implementation of a simple computer on the basis of RTL.
- Sketch the implementation of a simplest logic circuit or a processor.
- Design a 4-bit combinational logic shifter.
- Define flowchart and timing diagram. How does the control Unit maintain the processor functionalities? Explain.
- How a processing unit is connected with a control unit? What types of input a control unit may have?
- What advantages a PCI bus exhibits over ISA bus?
- Describe the types of memory with proper example, on the basis of the ways data is read from or written into it.
- Define Diode and Transistor. Explain, how the characteristics of a diode can be obtained from a transistor?
- Sketch and explain how a basic Inverter and a NAND gate can be implemented using CMOS logic.
- Define the term system. Explain the basic criteria a digital system should contain.
- Explain the basic components for describing a digital system.
- Write the importance and role of control function on various operations performed in a digital system.
- Define “Instruction Fetch Cycle”. Briefly describe with proper example, the types of data that an MBR can hold.
- Define Bit-slice microprocessor? Show the bus organization for four processor registers connected with processor through common buses.
- Define the term “Design Algorithm”. Explain the methods used for designing a control unit for a computer.
- What are the control word and control memory mean? Explain the microprogram control mechanism of a control unit with necessary diagram.
- Write some differences between SRAM and DRAM.
- Briefly explain the steps that should be followed to implement a hard-wired control unit.
- Sketch and describe the circuit diagram of a DRAM. Also explain, why DRAM is needed to be refreshed?
- Define IC and IC logic family. Describe the characteristics of IC those measure its performance.
- Mention some difference between Analog and Digital System
- Implement a NAND gate with only NOR gates.
- What is excess-3 code? Design a BCD to excess-3 code converter.
- What is binary parallel adder? Why is it called Parallel?
- Sketch the block diagram of a BCD adder. Explain why two Binary parallel adders are needed to construct a BCD adder.
- Define Sequential logic circuit. Mention some differences between synchronous and asynchronous sequential circuits.
- Draw the logic diagram of clocked JK flip flop and describe how does it solves the indeterminate conditions of the clocked RS flip flop
- Show the state table, state diagram and characteristics equation of clocked T flip flop with its logic diagram.
- Sketch and explain how a basic AND gate can be implemented using TTL.
- Define register and counter in terms of Flip-flop. Write some differences between Register and Counter.
- Show the implementation of a 4×4 Integrated memory Using RAM cell
- Design a four bit Binary Ripple counter with JK flip flop.
- Explain the reason, why is it possible to have more capacity in a ROM then in a RAM with same chip size.
- What is meant by Micro operation? Briefly describe the types of micro operation performed on the information stored in computer registers.
- Define processor and CPU. Explain the importance of registers for a processor in a digital system.
- What is accumulator register? Describe its importance in a digital system.
- Write the importance of Control Unit in digital Computer.
- Explain the One flip-flop per state design method of control unit. How is this method similar to a Ring counter?
- Describe the procedure of sign -magnitude addition and subtraction with necessary flowchart.
- Discuss the concept of Control word, Control memory and Microprogramming.
- Define Diode and Transistor. Explain, how the characteristics of a diode can be obtained from a transistor.
- Write short note on VESA and PCI bus.
- Sketch the circuit diagram of a static RAM cell and describe how data is stored inside it.
- Compare the characteristics of the following digital logic families: i) MOS vs CMOS ii) TTL vs RTL iii) TTL vs CMOS
- What do you mean by digital system? Discuss the characteristics of digital system.
- Explain why binary digits are used to code data to be stored in computers?
- Describe the basic operation of a TTL OR gate with necessary circuit diagram.
- Why CMOS is is better than TTL? Write the basic benefits of ECL.
- Design a NAND gate using CMOS technology.
- What do you mean by memory organization? Write the main physical differences between the following memory technologies: i) SRAM ii) DRAM
- How can you design a SRAM subsystem? Explain
- Show the basic block diagram of a DRAM. Explain.
- Draw the block diagram of a processor unit and explain its working principle.
- What do you mean by control word and microinstruction? Write the control word format of the following microinstructions: i) R2 ß R2 – R3 ii)R1 ß sh1 R2 iii) R7 ß Input
- Define combinational logic circuits. What are the design procedures of combinational logic circuits?
- How many don’t care inputs are there in a BCD adder?
- Express the Boolean Function F = A + B’C in a sum of minterms.
- How many different sets of input conditions will produce a High output from a three input OR gate?
- What do you mean by carry propagation delay? How it can be reduced?
- Draw the logic diagram of a 4 x 16 decoder constructed with the 3 x 8 decoders.
- Show a full adder can be converted to a full subtructor with the addition of one inverter circuit.
- Define scratchpad memory? Explain a processor unit employing a scratchpad memory.
- Design a arithmetic unit of a computer system.
- Design a combinational circuit using a ROM. The circuit accepts a 3 bit number and generates an output binary number equal to the square of the input number.
- Write the steps of execute an instruction by the CPU
- Draw the flowchart and control state diagram of a hardware controlled adder/subtraction circuit.
- Show a microprocessor and microcontroller based system.
- Write down the advantages of MOS digital integrated circuits over TTL and ECL.
- What do you mean by a code? How many bits per character does ASCII code use?
- Define combinational logic circuits. What are the design procedures of combinational logic circuits?
- What are the limitations of K – map method?
- Design an adder circuit to add three binary digits with necessary table and circuit diagram and explain.
- Draw the block diagram of a processor unit and briefly describe its each field.
- What is the difference between hardwired control and micro program control?
- Define algorithm and flowchart. Draw the flowchart for sign magnitude addition and subtraction.