Computer Architecture Questions

Mention the importance of computer architecture in computer science.

Define instruction? How it works? Explain with the aid of suitable example.

What is the benefit of using a multi-bus architecture compared to single bus architecture?

Explain the execution of an instruction with diagram.

Discuss in brief about different types of parallel processor system.

Sketch the flowchart for unsigned binary multiplication.

How binary data is represented by using sign-magnitude and twos complement representation?

Define instruction cycle? Explain instruction cycle state diagram.

Write short notes on different types of operands.

Explain basic stack oriented operations.

Identify following type of operation-
i) Load            ii) Decrement, iii) Jump to subroutine iv) Set

Let 10110010 is a byte stream. Now apply all types of shift and rotate operations on  it.

What is an interrupt? Also mention the uses of interrupt.

Compare between complex instruction set computer and reduced instruotion set computer on the basics of some characteristics.

Define ALU and its responsibilities also.

Why digital computer is so called? Classify computer types.

Which one is better-static memory or dynamic memory? Why?

Design a 512  b memory chip, where maximum word length should not exceed more than 8 bit. Also calculate number of external connection.

Exectuitng multiple interrupt if a system enters in infinite loop, then what are the procedures to overcome from this case?

How can you measure the performance of a computer?

Discuss about displacement and register indirect addressing modes. Also mention proper example, advantages and disadvantages of these two.

What is micro-operation? Specify the rules for grouping micro-operation.

How the central proceccing unit interconnect with the system bus?

Point out roles of the registers in the CPU?

What is the basic concept of pipelining?

Explain the role of cache memory in pipelining technique.

When data hazard can arise in pipelining? Discuss about it with appropriate example.

Define SIMD and MIMD.

Why comuter architecture is important in the field of computer science?

Summarize the operation of a computer.

What is system software? Mention some function of system software.

Describe the interaction between hardware and software in a computer system .

Explain the concept of virtual memory in detail.

What factors are related in case of measuring the performance of a computer?

Which registers are involved in input (Keyboard) and output (display) interfaces? Discuss about them.

Discuss about big-endian and little-endian assignment.

What is cache memory? Point out some main featur5es of cache memory.

Discuss about the organization of a cache memory.

Compare between main memory and cache,

Is cache memory visible or not? Justify your answer.

What is micro-operation? Specify the rules for grouping micro-operation.

Sketch the horizontal and vertical microinstruction formats.

Describe about the execute cycle with proper sequence of micro-perations.

Which things are needed to spacify the function of a processor?

Which one is better static memory or dynamic memory? Why?

Discuss in brief about the structure of the IAS computer.

Describe the model of a control unit..

Sketch and describe instruction cycle state diagram.

Define the term pipelining with the aid of suitable example.

Discuss about the role of cache memory in pipeline performance.

What is structural hazard? Describe structural hazard with proper example.

What are the limitations of simple pipelining technique?

Summarize the sequence of events involved inj handling an interrupt request from a single device. Assume that interrupts are enabled.

Design a multiple-priority scheme for interrupts, where each device has a separate interrupt-request and interrupt-acknowledge line.

Compare between program-controlled i/o and memory mapped i/O?

Write short notes on recovery  from errors and privilege exception.

What is computer architecture? Why should you study it in Computer Engineering?

Which independent functional units of a computer should be considered to architect a computer?  Show them with diagram.

Show the architecture of storing the input FCSE from the keyboard in the memory unit through the processor and control unit. Assume that that the computer takes 8-bit equivalent binary for the ASCII of each character.

What are the typical types of operation performed by a processor? Explain any two examples for each.

Define bus. What does a bus do?

Define memory-mapped and isolated I/O. Mention their relative advantages and disadvantages.

Consider the machine instruction LOAD X(R1), R2 to be exceuted by a pipelined processor. Which hazard (s) may occur during the execution? Explain with timing diagram.

Draw an I/O interface for an output device.

Show and explain the function of the registers associated in keyboard and display interfaces.

Draw the architecture of a 1Kbits memory chip. Also measure  its performance through calculating required external connections.

Mention the advantages and disadvantage of each addressing mode and explain the more powerful addressing mode.

Define interrupt. Show the concept of interrupt with the help of a timeline diagram.

Explain the architecture combining interrupt priority and daisy chainscheme for handling multiple devices.

Define exception and DMA. Discuss about various types of DMA operations.

What is accumulator register? Explain its role in processor.

Define computer architecture. Mention the importance of studying computer architecture in Computer Science and Engineering.

Summmarize the operation of a typical personal computer through its independent functional units.

Sketc h the architecture between a typical microprocessor and memory and explain the function (s) of each register associated with the architecture.

What are the typical types of operations performed by a processor? Explain any two with examples.

Define bus. Distinguish between single-bus system and multi-bus system.

Show the architecture for detecting an overflow after an addition of two integers.

What is input/output organization? Differentiate between memory-mapped and isolated I/O systems.

How does an application program run through a disk by an Operating system? Explain it considering a suitable example with the timeline diagram.

Draw the architecture of a general 8-bit parallel I/O interface.

State the term “interrupt”. Explain the hardware for an interrrput controller  with necessary diagram.

Explain the instruction cycle state diagram in detail.

Discuss a typical block transfer DMA controller with its architecture.

Discuss about the basic performance measure equition of a computer with an example.

Explain the operation of a CMOS static RAM cell with a suitable architecture.

What is the funciton of a processor clock? A processor with clock frequency of 1.25 GHz and that of for another processor is 1.05 GHz. Which is better in performance? Explain.

Draw the hardware architecture for perfomaing addition and subtraction by the processor. Show the steps for multiplying -4 by -2 using Booth’s algorithm.

Discuss about a 4-stage pipeline processor or 4-stages pipelined processor?

Mention the advantage and disadvantages of each addressing mode and explain the more powerful one.

Discuss the flowchart for instruction cycle.

What is computer architecture? Is there any impact of computer architecture on its performance?

What are the four main functions of a computer5? Discuss each in detail.

Draw the structure of IAS computer and describe in short.

Describe the top level view of the components in computer system with diagram.

What is the use of interrupts in a computer system? Describe its different classes?

What is the benefits of using a multiple-bus architecture compared to single-bus architecture?

What is the difference between random-access and non-random access   memory? Derive the equation for the time taken to read n bits for a non-random memory.

It is possible tor un a computer system without cache memory? Jusfity your answer.

Explain L1, L2 and L3 cache. What is the necessitiy of having different levels of cache memory?

Assume a memory access to main memory on a cache “miss” takes 20 ns and memory access to the cache on a cache “hit” takes 2 ns. If 75% of the processor’s memory requests result in a cache “hit”. What is the average memory access time?

hat is SSD? Describe its advantages compared to HDD.

Suppose you have a data file of size 512 MB, is it possible to store that file inj a properly formatted disk of size 512 MB? Explain your answer.

Draw and describe a basic block diagram of external devices for a computer system.

Describe the following terms: Dual core, Core 2 Duo, Pentium D. Core 13 and core i7.

Write difference (s) between SRAM and DRAM.

Describe DDR technology and its different categories in short.

In which kind of memory system MR sensor is used?

What is disk formatting? Describe a typical disk formatting mechanism with diagram.

List the drawback (s) of interrupt driven I/O and suggest solution (s) for each of them.

Draw and describe a typical DMA diagram.

When a DMA module takes control of a bus, and while it retains control of the bus, what does the processor do?

“In positional number system, value of a number is defined as   Explain this statement with an example of six base number system.

What is pipelining? Describe the functions of each of the five pipelined stages.

Describe different types of memory addressing modes in short.

List two advantages of a multi core processor over a single core one.

Does the increase of clock speeds always increase the processing speed of a computer system? Justify your answer.

What is IAS computer? Describe its structure witih necessary diagram.

Describe Moore’s law. Is there any impact of this law on the architecture of computer system? Describe with appropriate explanation.

What is memory latency? Describe the computer architectural considerations that can be taken to face memory latency.

How interrupts works in a computer system? Describe its importance.

What is the necessity of having cache memory in a computer system? Assume a memory access to main memory on a cache “miss” takes 30 ns and a memory access to the cache on acache “hit” takes 3 ns. If 80% of the processor’s memory requestis result in a cache ‘hit’, what is the average memory access time?

How L1, L2, L3 cache memory are different  from each other?

Explain the basic difference (s) between internal and external memory.

Why does DRAM need to be refreshed?

How SSD differs from HDD?

Suppose you have a data file of size 1024 MB, is it possible to store that file is a properly formatted disk of size 1 GB? Explain your answer.